Practical tips for saving electricity in everyday life. Saving electricity at home

Every year, the production of fuel and energy costs more and more expensive to a person, while people are beginning to clearly realize that senseless waste of energy and, in particular, electricity or inept use of energy devices is not only immoral, but also hits the pocket, and the further, the stronger.

Meanwhile, each family is quite capable of practically halving electricity consumption in everyday life without significant damage to human comfort, if you learn a number of useful rules and systematically implement them.

In the proposed list of practical recommendations for saving electricity there are both well-known and indisputable recommendations, as well as new and original ones that allow creating an effective system of rational electricity consumption in everyday life in a complex.

Tips for saving electricity at home

1. The most significant and easiest way to save electricity in everyday life is to evenly consume electricity by the whole society during the day, so do not unnecessarily include additional electrical appliances in the network during peak hours of electrical loads: in the morning from 8 to 10 hours and in the evening from 20 to 22 hours. The task is not easy, but still accustom yourself to this one. Keep in mind that any prudent housewife in a civilized country will never turn on a washing machine or electric heater during rush hours.

2. Be aware that economical electricity consumption is determined not so much by the quality of household electrical equipment as by the quality of its care.

3. It is known what anxious feelings people experience when they remember at work that they forgot in a hurry (often it just seemed to them) to turn off the lights and electrical appliances at home. To get rid of such troubles forever, as well as to prevent unnecessary waste of electricity and ensure fire safety in the house, you can do the following: in the main wiring line, immediately after the electric meter in the phase wire, make a circuit break by connecting a single-pole switch there. Install the switch near the exit door (of course, connect the electrical outlet of the home refrigerator with a separate line and connect it to the mains to the mounted switch). Now, when you leave home, you use the switch to remove electrical voltage from all electrical wiring in the house (except the refrigerator). Remember, the installation of the switch requires appropriate knowledge and must be carried out in accordance with the current Rules of electrical installations and safety regulations.

4. Force yourself, at least once a year, to tighten the screws and nuts at all available contacts in the power grid and in electrical appliances. This will ensure not only long-term, reliable and economical operation of electrical equipment, but also its safety, as well as fire safety in the house.

5. If there is hidden wiring in the house, dowels and nails are hammered into the walls, only knowing the wiring diagram. Otherwise, you risk damaging the electrical wiring or getting an electrical injury.

6. Every family in the house should have, along with other power tools, a voltage indicator (current detector) in case of preventive or repair work on electrical equipment.

7. Systematically make sure that the bottoms of the pots fit snugly to the burners of the electric stoves, and for this purpose try to find and use special soft ring pads with which to fill the gap between the bottoms and the burners and thereby minimize energy loss in this node.

8. Note that the diameters of the bottoms of the pots should either be equal to the diameters of the burners of the electric stoves on which they are placed, or more.

9. Remember that it is more economical and faster to heat a large dose of water at once on an electric stove than the same amount of water, but in smaller doses.

10. Immediately change the burner of the electric stove if its surface is swollen, since such a burner will work extremely uneconomically. Keep in mind that a miser pays twice (in this case, «stingy» and «frugal» are clearly inadequate concepts).

11. When cooking, do not allow heat loss with the outgoing steam, each pan should have its own tight-fitting lid.

12. Considering the thermal energy of the burners of electric stoves, turn them on a little earlier than you put the pots, and turn them off before the end of cooking.

13. Do not allow the water to boil violently on the burner turned on at full power, because much less power is enough to boil on a preheated stove.

14. Use an economical «tower method» of steaming food, in which the pans are placed on top of each other, while the upper pan is heated by steam rising from the lower pan.

15. Strive to have dishes in the kitchen with a thickened bottom, which is specially designed for cooking on the burners of electric stoves.

16. When using the electric oven, use its entire working volume. Agree, baking a couple of pies in a volumetric oven is both inefficient and uneconomical.

17. Be sure to purchase pressure cookers, as they allow you to save both time and electricity.

18. Know that tubular burners of electric stoves with stepless regulation of heating power are much more economical and durable than cast iron burners with step control.

19. Do not use the burners of electric stoves for heating rooms — this is of little use, and the risk of disabling the burner running at idle is great.

20. In an effort to organize ultra-fast and high-quality cooking at home (heating throughout the thickness of the product), purchase microwave ovens or microwave ovens.

21. To cook potatoes and vegetables, use a minimum amount of water in pots.

22. A significant reserve of energy savings in cooking is the use of specialized electric heating devices (pans, pots, grills, coffee makers, etc.), in which dishes are obtained of higher quality, and much less electricity is spent.

23. The industry produces electric kettles of different designs, so try to buy an electric kettle with a thermal release and with a whistle signaling the boiling of water.

24. To heat a small amount of water, use an electric kettle, while boiling water in it as much as it is needed at the moment, since the hot water in the kettle cools down quickly.

25. The electric kettle is perhaps one of the most frequently repaired electrical appliances in the house, therefore, in order to increase its efficiency, improve the safety of the heat and electric heater (heating element) and ensure fire safety, try to equip the electric kettle yourself with a simple device that ensures reliable disconnection of the electric kettle from the mains when water boils in it, that is, long-term operation without repair.

26. The scale inside the electric kettles significantly reduces their efficiency, so do not forget to remove the scale in a timely manner (for example, with the help of «Antinakipin»).

27. Use thermos flasks to keep water and food heated for a sufficiently long time.

28. The industry produces a wide variety of lamps, and if you have the opportunity to choose, give your preference to luminaires with fluorescent lamps or lamps with incandescent lamps equipped with individual semiconductor light regulators.

29. The maximum use of natural lighting is one of the ways to reduce the consumption of electricity for artificial lighting. Keep this in mind and monitor the cleanliness of the window panes in the apartment.

30. Skillfully combine all three types of artificial lighting in the house: general, local and combined. General lighting is designed for uniform illumination of the entire room with the help of ceiling lamps. Local — for lighting some separate area in the room and is carried out by ceiling lamps of the «sconce» type, floor lamps and table lamps. Combined lighting is the simultaneous use of general and local lighting.

31. Try to purchase and use incandescent bulbs at home, which have a 230 marking on the base or on the bulb 240 V, since such electric bulbs last longer than those with 220 V indicated on the label (although the first ones shine a little worse).

32. Be aware that replacing two nearby electric bulbs with one electric bulb of the same total power gives both an increase in illumination and energy savings.

33. Saving electricity with artificial lighting should not come at the expense of the illumination of the workplace, so use local lighting with the maximum approximation of the light source to the workspace.

34. Keep in mind that the luminous efficiency of fluorescent lamps is 4...5 times higher than incandescent bulbs with the same power consumption, so try to use fluorescent lamps without restrictions in all rooms (except, perhaps, the bathroom and shower room). The use of fluorescent lamps with silent starting devices in the house is a real energy saving. The prevailing idea that modern fluorescent lamps are harmful to health is groundless, rather on the contrary, they create greater comfort with the skillful design of the premises. (In fairness, it must be said that the fluorescent lamps of the first releases had too narrow a spectrum of light radiation.)

35. Train yourself regularly, about 1 time a month, to wipe the dust from the lamps, which will ensure both cleanliness and improved illumination in the house.

36. Do not use cloth lampshades, as they collect dust and are dangerous in terms of fire.

37. To control the illumination in the premises, use semiconductor light regulators, their use improves comfort and at the same time reduces power consumption.

38. The industry produces two types of household refrigerators — compression and absorption. The most widespread are economical compression single- and multi-chamber refrigerators operating in automatic mode (by the way, they have approximately the same energy indicators).

39. Install the refrigerator away from heating and heating devices in the house.

40. Always leave and maintain a gap of 5...10 cm between the refrigerator evaporator and the wall of the room.

41. Do not allow the refrigerator case to be heated by direct sunlight.

42. Install the refrigerator with a slight tilt back (up to 5°) and be sure to adjust the position of the compression unit so that it makes as little noise as possible during operation.

43. Do not put hot food in the refrigerator.

44. Place food in the refrigerator without piling up to ensure the necessary air circulation in the chamber.

45. Do not open the refrigerator door for no reason and do not keep it open for too long.

46. When storing food, try to install the thermostat in the minimum or middle position.

47. Do not forget to defrost the refrigerator about 1 time a month (at the same time, God forbid, do not poke metal objects in the freezer, picking out ice), as well as clean and wash it with warm water.

48. And in general, know that the systematic implementation of elementary, well-known rules for the operation of the refrigerator will allow not only save electricity, but also extend the uptime of such a vital device in the house.

49. Buy small-sized washing machines, as they consume less electricity and take up less space in the house. Do not use the washing machine to wash 2...3 handkerchiefs, it is better to accumulate enough laundry to fully load it.

50. If possible, purchase an electric iron with a thermostat and a switch on the handle — these are probably the most economical irons, since they work when they are ironed (if desired, it is easy to make such a disconnecting device yourself).

51. When using the electric iron, try not to twist the electric cord and regularly check its integrity.

52. First iron things that need to be processed at low temperatures, and then increase the heating of the iron as needed.

53. Do not forget to clean the work surface of the electric iron, as this facilitates ironing and saves electricity.

54. Remember, the vacuum cleaner works economically and reliably only with clean filters, so every time after cleaning the premises, not only shake out the dust collector, but also thoroughly clean it with a brush.

55. Keep in mind that radios with too powerful loudspeakers, as well as televisions with excessively large screens in small-sized apartments look not only ridiculous, but also are eaters of electricity and even cause harm to health.

56. Do not place radios and televisions near heating and heating devices, make sure that there is always room for air circulation around them.

57. Use timer devices to automatically turn on and off radios (televisions) according to the program you set, which will both save electricity and ensure longer operation of the equipment.

58. Remember that a household voltage stabilizer is an additional consumer of electricity and that its use is justified only if there are too sharp voltage fluctuations in the power grid. In the same place where there are no such fluctuations, it is better to do without a stabilizer, but at the same time try not to use the TV at night when there is an increased voltage in the network.

59. Know that the designs of the latest models of televisions have voltage stabilizers built into them.

60. Please note that to listen to local information programs, it is enough to have a device powered by a radio transmission network.

61. Listening to the radio, try to use head phones, which will not only ensure silence in the house, but also save electricity.

62. Buy electric tools and mechanisms with electric drive, electrified sewing machines, electric drills, small-sized electric welding machines, electric soldering irons, etc. for your home. Of course, all of them are additional consumers of electricity, but indirectly contribute to the saving of other types of energy and generally stimulate people's business activity.

63. When purchasing items of household appliances of «secondary importance» (immersion heaters, hot water bottles, fireplaces, fan heaters, convectors, etc.), remember that they are all additional consumers of electricity, and try to use them moderately.

64. Do not use electric heating units in the house unless there is an urgent need. It is better to carry out purposeful work on the insulation of windows and doors.

65. Do not close the curtains and do not clutter the central heating batteries with furniture.

66. Save water, remember that water does not run into houses by itself, and the water pressure is supported by powerful pumps driven by electric motors. Therefore, the more economical it is to consume water, the less electric motors at pumping stations will be loaded.

67. Monthly, on the same day of the month, take the readings of the electricity meter, compare the electricity consumption in this month with the previous one, analyze why there was a saving (or overspending) of electricity, and draw appropriate conclusions.

68. Do not try to steal electricity. Firstly, it is immoral, and secondly, know that there is no such way of stealing electricity that would not be disclosed by an experienced electrical expert. Keep in mind that, if necessary, using laboratory tests, it is easy to determine whether the worm gear of the electric meter rotated in the opposite direction.

In the section «Repair and construction»

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